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| bloodless surgery ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
''Bloodless surgery''''' is a phrase that was popularized at the beginning of the 20th century by the practice of an internationally famous orthopedic surgeon, Adolf Lorenz, who was known as "the bloodless surgeon of Vienna".''The New York Times'' Oct 26, 1902 p 7''The New York Times'' Sep 10, 1906 p 1New York Times Dec 25, 1902 p 3New York Times Nov 22, 1926 p 3 This expression reflected Lorenz's methods for treating patients with noninvasive techniques. His medical practice was a consequence of his severe allergy to carbolic acid routinely used in operating rooms of the era. His condition forced him to become a "dry surgeon".Jackson et al., Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, January 2004; 17(1): 3–7.Contemporary usage of ''bloodless surgery'' refers to both invasive and noninvasive medical techniques and protocols. The phrase is somewhat confusing.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pgs. Preface, 11, 16. The expression does not mean "surgery that makes no use of blood or blood transfusion". Rather, it refers to surgery performed without transfusion of allogeneic blood.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 11, 14, 75.Dailey, John F, Dailey's Notes on Blood Fourth Edition, 2002 pg. 198. Champions of bloodless surgery do, however, transfuse products made from allogeneic blood and they also make use of pre-donated blood for autologous transfusion.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 144-5. The last twenty years have witnessed a surge of interest in bloodless surgery, for a variety of reasons. Jehovah's Witnesses reject blood transfusions on religious grounds; others may be concerned about bloodborne diseases, such as hepatitis and AIDS.During the early 1960s, American heart surgeon Denton Cooley successfully performed numerous bloodless open-heart surgeries on Jehovah's Witness patients. Fifteen years later, he and his associate published a reportOtt DA, Cooley DA. Cardiovascular surgery in Jehovah's Witnesses. Report of 542 operations without blood transfusion. JAMA. 1977;232:1256-1258. of more than 500 cardiac surgeries in this population, documenting that cardiac surgery could be safely performed without blood transfusion.Ronald Lapin (1941–1995) was an Israeli-born American surgeon, who became interested in bloodless surgery in the mid-1970s. He was known as a "bloodless surgeon" due to his willingness to perform surgeries on severely anemic Jehovah's Witness patients without the use of blood transfusions.Patricia A Ford (1955-) was the first surgeon to perform a bloodless bone marrow transplant.==Principles of bloodless surgery==Several principles of bloodless surgery have been published.Goher et al., Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2005; 87: 3–14.Preoperative techniques such as erythropoietin (EPO) or iron administration are designed to stimulate the patient's own erythropoiesis.In surgery, control of bleeding is achieved with the use of laser or sonic scalpels, minimally invasive surgical techniques, electrosurgery and electrocautery, low central venous pressure anesthesia (for select cases), or suture ligation of vessels. Other methods include the use of blood substitutes, which at present do not carry oxygen but expand the volume of the blood to prevent shock. Blood substitutes which do carry oxygen, such as PolyHeme, are also under development. Many doctors view acute normovolemic hemodilution, a form of storage of a patient's own blood, as a pillar of "bloodless surgery" but the technique is not an option for patients who refuse autologous blood transfusions.Intraoperative blood salvage is a technique which recycles and cleans blood from a patient during an operation and redirects it into the patient's body.Postoperatively, surgeons seek to minimize further blood loss by continuing administration of medications to augment blood cell mass and minimizing the number of blood draws and the quantity of blood drawn for testing, for example, by using pediatric blood tubes for adult patients.HBOC's such as Polyheme and Hemepure have been discontinued due to severe adverse reactions including death. South Africa was the only country where they were legally authorized as standard treatment but they are no longer available.
''Bloodless surgery'' is a phrase that was popularized at the beginning of the 20th century by the practice of an internationally famous orthopedic surgeon, Adolf Lorenz, who was known as "the bloodless surgeon of Vienna".〔''The New York Times'' Oct 26, 1902 p 7〕〔''The New York Times'' Sep 10, 1906 p 1〕〔New York Times Dec 25, 1902 p 3〕〔New York Times Nov 22, 1926 p 3〕 This expression reflected Lorenz's methods for treating patients with noninvasive techniques. His medical practice was a consequence of his severe allergy to carbolic acid routinely used in operating rooms of the era. His condition forced him to become a "dry surgeon".〔Jackson et al., Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, January 2004; 17(1): 3–7.〕
Contemporary usage of ''bloodless surgery'' refers to both invasive and noninvasive medical techniques and protocols. The phrase is somewhat confusing.〔Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pgs. Preface, 11, 16.〕 The expression does not mean "surgery that makes no use of blood or blood transfusion". Rather, it refers to surgery performed without transfusion of allogeneic blood.〔Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 11, 14, 75.〕〔Dailey, John F, Dailey's Notes on Blood Fourth Edition, 2002 pg. 198.〕 Champions of bloodless surgery do, however, transfuse products made from allogeneic blood and they also make use of pre-donated blood for autologous transfusion.〔Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 144-5.〕 The last twenty years have witnessed a surge of interest in bloodless surgery, for a variety of reasons. Jehovah's Witnesses reject blood transfusions on religious grounds; others may be concerned about bloodborne diseases, such as hepatitis and AIDS.
During the early 1960s, American heart surgeon Denton Cooley successfully performed numerous bloodless open-heart surgeries on Jehovah's Witness patients. Fifteen years later, he and his associate published a report〔Ott DA, Cooley DA. Cardiovascular surgery in Jehovah's Witnesses. Report of 542 operations without blood transfusion. JAMA. 1977;232:1256-1258.〕 of more than 500 cardiac surgeries in this population, documenting that cardiac surgery could be safely performed without blood transfusion.
Ronald Lapin (1941–1995) was an Israeli-born American surgeon, who became interested in bloodless surgery in the mid-1970s. He was known as a "bloodless surgeon" due to his willingness to perform surgeries on severely anemic Jehovah's Witness patients without the use of blood transfusions.
Patricia A Ford (1955-) was the first surgeon to perform a bloodless bone marrow transplant.
==Principles of bloodless surgery==
Several principles of bloodless surgery have been published.〔Goher et al., Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2005; 87: 3–14.〕
Preoperative techniques such as erythropoietin (EPO) or iron administration are designed to stimulate the patient's own erythropoiesis.
In surgery, control of bleeding is achieved with the use of laser or sonic scalpels, minimally invasive surgical techniques, electrosurgery and electrocautery, low central venous pressure anesthesia (for select cases), or suture ligation of vessels. Other methods include the use of blood substitutes, which at present do not carry oxygen but expand the volume of the blood to prevent shock. Blood substitutes which do carry oxygen, such as PolyHeme, are also under development. Many doctors view acute normovolemic hemodilution, a form of storage of a patient's own blood, as a pillar of "bloodless surgery" but the technique is not an option for patients who refuse autologous blood transfusions.
Intraoperative blood salvage is a technique which recycles and cleans blood from a patient during an operation and redirects it into the patient's body.
Postoperatively, surgeons seek to minimize further blood loss by continuing administration of medications to augment blood cell mass and minimizing the number of blood draws and the quantity of blood drawn for testing, for example, by using pediatric blood tubes for adult patients.〔
HBOC's such as Polyheme and Hemepure have been discontinued due to severe adverse reactions including death. South Africa was the only country where they were legally authorized as standard treatment but they are no longer available.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「'''''Bloodless surgery''''' is a phrase that was popularized at the beginning of the 20th century by the practice of an internationally famous orthopedic surgeon, Adolf Lorenz, who was known as "the bloodless surgeon of Vienna".''The New York Times'' Oct 26, 1902 p 7''The New York Times'' Sep 10, 1906 p 1New York Times Dec 25, 1902 p 3New York Times Nov 22, 1926 p 3 This expression reflected Lorenz's methods for treating patients with noninvasive techniques. His medical practice was a consequence of his severe allergy to carbolic acid routinely used in operating rooms of the era. His condition forced him to become a "dry surgeon".Jackson et al., Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, January 2004; 17(1): 3–7.Contemporary usage of ''bloodless surgery'' refers to both invasive and noninvasive medical techniques and protocols. The phrase is somewhat confusing.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pgs. Preface, 11, 16. The expression does not mean "surgery that makes no use of blood or blood transfusion". Rather, it refers to surgery performed without transfusion of allogeneic blood.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 11, 14, 75.Dailey, John F, Dailey's Notes on Blood Fourth Edition, 2002 pg. 198. Champions of bloodless surgery do, however, transfuse products made from allogeneic blood and they also make use of pre-donated blood for autologous transfusion.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 144-5. The last twenty years have witnessed a surge of interest in bloodless surgery, for a variety of reasons. Jehovah's Witnesses reject blood transfusions on religious grounds; others may be concerned about bloodborne diseases, such as hepatitis and AIDS.During the early 1960s, American heart surgeon Denton Cooley successfully performed numerous bloodless open-heart surgeries on Jehovah's Witness patients. Fifteen years later, he and his associate published a reportOtt DA, Cooley DA. Cardiovascular surgery in Jehovah's Witnesses. Report of 542 operations without blood transfusion. JAMA. 1977;232:1256-1258. of more than 500 cardiac surgeries in this population, documenting that cardiac surgery could be safely performed without blood transfusion.Ronald Lapin (1941–1995) was an Israeli-born American surgeon, who became interested in bloodless surgery in the mid-1970s. He was known as a "bloodless surgeon" due to his willingness to perform surgeries on severely anemic Jehovah's Witness patients without the use of blood transfusions.Patricia A Ford (1955-) was the first surgeon to perform a bloodless bone marrow transplant.==Principles of bloodless surgery==Several principles of bloodless surgery have been published.Goher et al., Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2005; 87: 3–14.Preoperative techniques such as erythropoietin (EPO) or iron administration are designed to stimulate the patient's own erythropoiesis.In surgery, control of bleeding is achieved with the use of laser or sonic scalpels, minimally invasive surgical techniques, electrosurgery and electrocautery, low central venous pressure anesthesia (for select cases), or suture ligation of vessels. Other methods include the use of blood substitutes, which at present do not carry oxygen but expand the volume of the blood to prevent shock. Blood substitutes which do carry oxygen, such as PolyHeme, are also under development. Many doctors view acute normovolemic hemodilution, a form of storage of a patient's own blood, as a pillar of "bloodless surgery" but the technique is not an option for patients who refuse autologous blood transfusions.Intraoperative blood salvage is a technique which recycles and cleans blood from a patient during an operation and redirects it into the patient's body.Postoperatively, surgeons seek to minimize further blood loss by continuing administration of medications to augment blood cell mass and minimizing the number of blood draws and the quantity of blood drawn for testing, for example, by using pediatric blood tubes for adult patients.HBOC's such as Polyheme and Hemepure have been discontinued due to severe adverse reactions including death. South Africa was the only country where they were legally authorized as standard treatment but they are no longer available.」の詳細全文を読む
'Bloodless surgery'' is a phrase that was popularized at the beginning of the 20th century by the practice of an internationally famous orthopedic surgeon, Adolf Lorenz, who was known as "the bloodless surgeon of Vienna".''The New York Times'' Oct 26, 1902 p 7''The New York Times'' Sep 10, 1906 p 1New York Times Dec 25, 1902 p 3New York Times Nov 22, 1926 p 3 This expression reflected Lorenz's methods for treating patients with noninvasive techniques. His medical practice was a consequence of his severe allergy to carbolic acid routinely used in operating rooms of the era. His condition forced him to become a "dry surgeon".Jackson et al., Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, January 2004; 17(1): 3–7.Contemporary usage of ''bloodless surgery'' refers to both invasive and noninvasive medical techniques and protocols. The phrase is somewhat confusing.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pgs. Preface, 11, 16. The expression does not mean "surgery that makes no use of blood or blood transfusion". Rather, it refers to surgery performed without transfusion of allogeneic blood.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 11, 14, 75.Dailey, John F, Dailey's Notes on Blood Fourth Edition, 2002 pg. 198. Champions of bloodless surgery do, however, transfuse products made from allogeneic blood and they also make use of pre-donated blood for autologous transfusion.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 144-5. The last twenty years have witnessed a surge of interest in bloodless surgery, for a variety of reasons. Jehovah's Witnesses reject blood transfusions on religious grounds; others may be concerned about bloodborne diseases, such as hepatitis and AIDS.During the early 1960s, American heart surgeon Denton Cooley successfully performed numerous bloodless open-heart surgeries on Jehovah's Witness patients. Fifteen years later, he and his associate published a reportOtt DA, Cooley DA. Cardiovascular surgery in Jehovah's Witnesses. Report of 542 operations without blood transfusion. JAMA. 1977;232:1256-1258. of more than 500 cardiac surgeries in this population, documenting that cardiac surgery could be safely performed without blood transfusion.Ronald Lapin (1941–1995) was an Israeli-born American surgeon, who became interested in bloodless surgery in the mid-1970s. He was known as a "bloodless surgeon" due to his willingness to perform surgeries on severely anemic Jehovah's Witness patients without the use of blood transfusions.Patricia A Ford (1955-) was the first surgeon to perform a bloodless bone marrow transplant.==Principles of bloodless surgery==Several principles of bloodless surgery have been published.Goher et al., Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2005; 87: 3–14.Preoperative techniques such as erythropoietin (EPO) or iron administration are designed to stimulate the patient's own erythropoiesis.In surgery, control of bleeding is achieved with the use of laser or sonic scalpels, minimally invasive surgical techniques, electrosurgery and electrocautery, low central venous pressure anesthesia (for select cases), or suture ligation of vessels. Other methods include the use of blood substitutes, which at present do not carry oxygen but expand the volume of the blood to prevent shock. Blood substitutes which do carry oxygen, such as PolyHeme, are also under development. Many doctors view acute normovolemic hemodilution, a form of storage of a patient's own blood, as a pillar of "bloodless surgery" but the technique is not an option for patients who refuse autologous blood transfusions.Intraoperative blood salvage is a technique which recycles and cleans blood from a patient during an operation and redirects it into the patient's body.Postoperatively, surgeons seek to minimize further blood loss by continuing administration of medications to augment blood cell mass and minimizing the number of blood draws and the quantity of blood drawn for testing, for example, by using pediatric blood tubes for adult patients.HBOC's such as Polyheme and Hemepure have been discontinued due to severe adverse reactions including death. South Africa was the only country where they were legally authorized as standard treatment but they are no longer available.
''Bloodless surgery'' is a phrase that was popularized at the beginning of the 20th century by the practice of an internationally famous orthopedic surgeon, Adolf Lorenz, who was known as "the bloodless surgeon of Vienna".〔''The New York Times'' Oct 26, 1902 p 7〕〔''The New York Times'' Sep 10, 1906 p 1〕〔New York Times Dec 25, 1902 p 3〕〔New York Times Nov 22, 1926 p 3〕 This expression reflected Lorenz's methods for treating patients with noninvasive techniques. His medical practice was a consequence of his severe allergy to carbolic acid routinely used in operating rooms of the era. His condition forced him to become a "dry surgeon".〔Jackson et al., Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, January 2004; 17(1): 3–7.〕
Contemporary usage of ''bloodless surgery'' refers to both invasive and noninvasive medical techniques and protocols. The phrase is somewhat confusing.〔Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pgs. Preface, 11, 16.〕 The expression does not mean "surgery that makes no use of blood or blood transfusion". Rather, it refers to surgery performed without transfusion of allogeneic blood.〔Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 11, 14, 75.〕〔Dailey, John F, Dailey's Notes on Blood Fourth Edition, 2002 pg. 198.〕 Champions of bloodless surgery do, however, transfuse products made from allogeneic blood and they also make use of pre-donated blood for autologous transfusion.〔Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 144-5.〕 The last twenty years have witnessed a surge of interest in bloodless surgery, for a variety of reasons. Jehovah's Witnesses reject blood transfusions on religious grounds; others may be concerned about bloodborne diseases, such as hepatitis and AIDS.
During the early 1960s, American heart surgeon Denton Cooley successfully performed numerous bloodless open-heart surgeries on Jehovah's Witness patients. Fifteen years later, he and his associate published a report〔Ott DA, Cooley DA. Cardiovascular surgery in Jehovah's Witnesses. Report of 542 operations without blood transfusion. JAMA. 1977;232:1256-1258.〕 of more than 500 cardiac surgeries in this population, documenting that cardiac surgery could be safely performed without blood transfusion.
Ronald Lapin (1941–1995) was an Israeli-born American surgeon, who became interested in bloodless surgery in the mid-1970s. He was known as a "bloodless surgeon" due to his willingness to perform surgeries on severely anemic Jehovah's Witness patients without the use of blood transfusions.
Patricia A Ford (1955-) was the first surgeon to perform a bloodless bone marrow transplant.
==Principles of bloodless surgery==
Several principles of bloodless surgery have been published.〔Goher et al., Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2005; 87: 3–14.〕
Preoperative techniques such as erythropoietin (EPO) or iron administration are designed to stimulate the patient's own erythropoiesis.
In surgery, control of bleeding is achieved with the use of laser or sonic scalpels, minimally invasive surgical techniques, electrosurgery and electrocautery, low central venous pressure anesthesia (for select cases), or suture ligation of vessels. Other methods include the use of blood substitutes, which at present do not carry oxygen but expand the volume of the blood to prevent shock. Blood substitutes which do carry oxygen, such as PolyHeme, are also under development. Many doctors view acute normovolemic hemodilution, a form of storage of a patient's own blood, as a pillar of "bloodless surgery" but the technique is not an option for patients who refuse autologous blood transfusions.
Intraoperative blood salvage is a technique which recycles and cleans blood from a patient during an operation and redirects it into the patient's body.
Postoperatively, surgeons seek to minimize further blood loss by continuing administration of medications to augment blood cell mass and minimizing the number of blood draws and the quantity of blood drawn for testing, for example, by using pediatric blood tubes for adult patients.〔
HBOC's such as Polyheme and Hemepure have been discontinued due to severe adverse reactions including death. South Africa was the only country where they were legally authorized as standard treatment but they are no longer available.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「'''''Bloodless surgery''''' is a phrase that was popularized at the beginning of the 20th century by the practice of an internationally famous orthopedic surgeon, Adolf Lorenz, who was known as "the bloodless surgeon of Vienna".''The New York Times'' Oct 26, 1902 p 7''The New York Times'' Sep 10, 1906 p 1New York Times Dec 25, 1902 p 3New York Times Nov 22, 1926 p 3 This expression reflected Lorenz's methods for treating patients with noninvasive techniques. His medical practice was a consequence of his severe allergy to carbolic acid routinely used in operating rooms of the era. His condition forced him to become a "dry surgeon".Jackson et al., Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, January 2004; 17(1): 3–7.Contemporary usage of ''bloodless surgery'' refers to both invasive and noninvasive medical techniques and protocols. The phrase is somewhat confusing.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pgs. Preface, 11, 16. The expression does not mean "surgery that makes no use of blood or blood transfusion". Rather, it refers to surgery performed without transfusion of allogeneic blood.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 11, 14, 75.Dailey, John F, Dailey's Notes on Blood Fourth Edition, 2002 pg. 198. Champions of bloodless surgery do, however, transfuse products made from allogeneic blood and they also make use of pre-donated blood for autologous transfusion.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 144-5. The last twenty years have witnessed a surge of interest in bloodless surgery, for a variety of reasons. Jehovah's Witnesses reject blood transfusions on religious grounds; others may be concerned about bloodborne diseases, such as hepatitis and AIDS.During the early 1960s, American heart surgeon Denton Cooley successfully performed numerous bloodless open-heart surgeries on Jehovah's Witness patients. Fifteen years later, he and his associate published a reportOtt DA, Cooley DA. Cardiovascular surgery in Jehovah's Witnesses. Report of 542 operations without blood transfusion. JAMA. 1977;232:1256-1258. of more than 500 cardiac surgeries in this population, documenting that cardiac surgery could be safely performed without blood transfusion.Ronald Lapin (1941–1995) was an Israeli-born American surgeon, who became interested in bloodless surgery in the mid-1970s. He was known as a "bloodless surgeon" due to his willingness to perform surgeries on severely anemic Jehovah's Witness patients without the use of blood transfusions.Patricia A Ford (1955-) was the first surgeon to perform a bloodless bone marrow transplant.==Principles of bloodless surgery==Several principles of bloodless surgery have been published.Goher et al., Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2005; 87: 3–14.Preoperative techniques such as erythropoietin (EPO) or iron administration are designed to stimulate the patient's own erythropoiesis.In surgery, control of bleeding is achieved with the use of laser or sonic scalpels, minimally invasive surgical techniques, electrosurgery and electrocautery, low central venous pressure anesthesia (for select cases), or suture ligation of vessels. Other methods include the use of blood substitutes, which at present do not carry oxygen but expand the volume of the blood to prevent shock. Blood substitutes which do carry oxygen, such as PolyHeme, are also under development. Many doctors view acute normovolemic hemodilution, a form of storage of a patient's own blood, as a pillar of "bloodless surgery" but the technique is not an option for patients who refuse autologous blood transfusions.Intraoperative blood salvage is a technique which recycles and cleans blood from a patient during an operation and redirects it into the patient's body.Postoperatively, surgeons seek to minimize further blood loss by continuing administration of medications to augment blood cell mass and minimizing the number of blood draws and the quantity of blood drawn for testing, for example, by using pediatric blood tubes for adult patients.HBOC's such as Polyheme and Hemepure have been discontinued due to severe adverse reactions including death. South Africa was the only country where they were legally authorized as standard treatment but they are no longer available.」の詳細全文を読む
' is a phrase that was popularized at the beginning of the 20th century by the practice of an internationally famous orthopedic surgeon, Adolf Lorenz, who was known as "the bloodless surgeon of Vienna".''The New York Times'' Oct 26, 1902 p 7''The New York Times'' Sep 10, 1906 p 1New York Times Dec 25, 1902 p 3New York Times Nov 22, 1926 p 3 This expression reflected Lorenz's methods for treating patients with noninvasive techniques. His medical practice was a consequence of his severe allergy to carbolic acid routinely used in operating rooms of the era. His condition forced him to become a "dry surgeon".Jackson et al., Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, January 2004; 17(1): 3–7.Contemporary usage of ''bloodless surgery'' refers to both invasive and noninvasive medical techniques and protocols. The phrase is somewhat confusing.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pgs. Preface, 11, 16. The expression does not mean "surgery that makes no use of blood or blood transfusion". Rather, it refers to surgery performed without transfusion of allogeneic blood.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 11, 14, 75.Dailey, John F, Dailey's Notes on Blood Fourth Edition, 2002 pg. 198. Champions of bloodless surgery do, however, transfuse products made from allogeneic blood and they also make use of pre-donated blood for autologous transfusion.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 144-5. The last twenty years have witnessed a surge of interest in bloodless surgery, for a variety of reasons. Jehovah's Witnesses reject blood transfusions on religious grounds; others may be concerned about bloodborne diseases, such as hepatitis and AIDS.During the early 1960s, American heart surgeon Denton Cooley successfully performed numerous bloodless open-heart surgeries on Jehovah's Witness patients. Fifteen years later, he and his associate published a reportOtt DA, Cooley DA. Cardiovascular surgery in Jehovah's Witnesses. Report of 542 operations without blood transfusion. JAMA. 1977;232:1256-1258. of more than 500 cardiac surgeries in this population, documenting that cardiac surgery could be safely performed without blood transfusion.Ronald Lapin (1941–1995) was an Israeli-born American surgeon, who became interested in bloodless surgery in the mid-1970s. He was known as a "bloodless surgeon" due to his willingness to perform surgeries on severely anemic Jehovah's Witness patients without the use of blood transfusions.Patricia A Ford (1955-) was the first surgeon to perform a bloodless bone marrow transplant.==Principles of bloodless surgery==Several principles of bloodless surgery have been published.Goher et al., Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2005; 87: 3–14.Preoperative techniques such as erythropoietin (EPO) or iron administration are designed to stimulate the patient's own erythropoiesis.In surgery, control of bleeding is achieved with the use of laser or sonic scalpels, minimally invasive surgical techniques, electrosurgery and electrocautery, low central venous pressure anesthesia (for select cases), or suture ligation of vessels. Other methods include the use of blood substitutes, which at present do not carry oxygen but expand the volume of the blood to prevent shock. Blood substitutes which do carry oxygen, such as PolyHeme, are also under development. Many doctors view acute normovolemic hemodilution, a form of storage of a patient's own blood, as a pillar of "bloodless surgery" but the technique is not an option for patients who refuse autologous blood transfusions.Intraoperative blood salvage is a technique which recycles and cleans blood from a patient during an operation and redirects it into the patient's body.Postoperatively, surgeons seek to minimize further blood loss by continuing administration of medications to augment blood cell mass and minimizing the number of blood draws and the quantity of blood drawn for testing, for example, by using pediatric blood tubes for adult patients.HBOC's such as Polyheme and Hemepure have been discontinued due to severe adverse reactions including death. South Africa was the only country where they were legally authorized as standard treatment but they are no longer available.
''Bloodless surgery'' is a phrase that was popularized at the beginning of the 20th century by the practice of an internationally famous orthopedic surgeon, Adolf Lorenz, who was known as "the bloodless surgeon of Vienna".〔''The New York Times'' Oct 26, 1902 p 7〕〔''The New York Times'' Sep 10, 1906 p 1〕〔New York Times Dec 25, 1902 p 3〕〔New York Times Nov 22, 1926 p 3〕 This expression reflected Lorenz's methods for treating patients with noninvasive techniques. His medical practice was a consequence of his severe allergy to carbolic acid routinely used in operating rooms of the era. His condition forced him to become a "dry surgeon".〔Jackson et al., Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, January 2004; 17(1): 3–7.〕
Contemporary usage of ''bloodless surgery'' refers to both invasive and noninvasive medical techniques and protocols. The phrase is somewhat confusing.〔Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pgs. Preface, 11, 16.〕 The expression does not mean "surgery that makes no use of blood or blood transfusion". Rather, it refers to surgery performed without transfusion of allogeneic blood.〔Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 11, 14, 75.〕〔Dailey, John F, Dailey's Notes on Blood Fourth Edition, 2002 pg. 198.〕 Champions of bloodless surgery do, however, transfuse products made from allogeneic blood and they also make use of pre-donated blood for autologous transfusion.〔Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 144-5.〕 The last twenty years have witnessed a surge of interest in bloodless surgery, for a variety of reasons. Jehovah's Witnesses reject blood transfusions on religious grounds; others may be concerned about bloodborne diseases, such as hepatitis and AIDS.
During the early 1960s, American heart surgeon Denton Cooley successfully performed numerous bloodless open-heart surgeries on Jehovah's Witness patients. Fifteen years later, he and his associate published a report〔Ott DA, Cooley DA. Cardiovascular surgery in Jehovah's Witnesses. Report of 542 operations without blood transfusion. JAMA. 1977;232:1256-1258.〕 of more than 500 cardiac surgeries in this population, documenting that cardiac surgery could be safely performed without blood transfusion.
Ronald Lapin (1941–1995) was an Israeli-born American surgeon, who became interested in bloodless surgery in the mid-1970s. He was known as a "bloodless surgeon" due to his willingness to perform surgeries on severely anemic Jehovah's Witness patients without the use of blood transfusions.
Patricia A Ford (1955-) was the first surgeon to perform a bloodless bone marrow transplant.
==Principles of bloodless surgery==
Several principles of bloodless surgery have been published.〔Goher et al., Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2005; 87: 3–14.〕
Preoperative techniques such as erythropoietin (EPO) or iron administration are designed to stimulate the patient's own erythropoiesis.
In surgery, control of bleeding is achieved with the use of laser or sonic scalpels, minimally invasive surgical techniques, electrosurgery and electrocautery, low central venous pressure anesthesia (for select cases), or suture ligation of vessels. Other methods include the use of blood substitutes, which at present do not carry oxygen but expand the volume of the blood to prevent shock. Blood substitutes which do carry oxygen, such as PolyHeme, are also under development. Many doctors view acute normovolemic hemodilution, a form of storage of a patient's own blood, as a pillar of "bloodless surgery" but the technique is not an option for patients who refuse autologous blood transfusions.
Intraoperative blood salvage is a technique which recycles and cleans blood from a patient during an operation and redirects it into the patient's body.
Postoperatively, surgeons seek to minimize further blood loss by continuing administration of medications to augment blood cell mass and minimizing the number of blood draws and the quantity of blood drawn for testing, for example, by using pediatric blood tubes for adult patients.〔
HBOC's such as Polyheme and Hemepure have been discontinued due to severe adverse reactions including death. South Africa was the only country where they were legally authorized as standard treatment but they are no longer available.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「'''''Bloodless surgery''''' is a phrase that was popularized at the beginning of the 20th century by the practice of an internationally famous orthopedic surgeon, Adolf Lorenz, who was known as "the bloodless surgeon of Vienna".''The New York Times'' Oct 26, 1902 p 7''The New York Times'' Sep 10, 1906 p 1New York Times Dec 25, 1902 p 3New York Times Nov 22, 1926 p 3 This expression reflected Lorenz's methods for treating patients with noninvasive techniques. His medical practice was a consequence of his severe allergy to carbolic acid routinely used in operating rooms of the era. His condition forced him to become a "dry surgeon".Jackson et al., Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, January 2004; 17(1): 3–7.Contemporary usage of ''bloodless surgery'' refers to both invasive and noninvasive medical techniques and protocols. The phrase is somewhat confusing.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pgs. Preface, 11, 16. The expression does not mean "surgery that makes no use of blood or blood transfusion". Rather, it refers to surgery performed without transfusion of allogeneic blood.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 11, 14, 75.Dailey, John F, Dailey's Notes on Blood Fourth Edition, 2002 pg. 198. Champions of bloodless surgery do, however, transfuse products made from allogeneic blood and they also make use of pre-donated blood for autologous transfusion.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 144-5. The last twenty years have witnessed a surge of interest in bloodless surgery, for a variety of reasons. Jehovah's Witnesses reject blood transfusions on religious grounds; others may be concerned about bloodborne diseases, such as hepatitis and AIDS.During the early 1960s, American heart surgeon Denton Cooley successfully performed numerous bloodless open-heart surgeries on Jehovah's Witness patients. Fifteen years later, he and his associate published a reportOtt DA, Cooley DA. Cardiovascular surgery in Jehovah's Witnesses. Report of 542 operations without blood transfusion. JAMA. 1977;232:1256-1258. of more than 500 cardiac surgeries in this population, documenting that cardiac surgery could be safely performed without blood transfusion.Ronald Lapin (1941–1995) was an Israeli-born American surgeon, who became interested in bloodless surgery in the mid-1970s. He was known as a "bloodless surgeon" due to his willingness to perform surgeries on severely anemic Jehovah's Witness patients without the use of blood transfusions.Patricia A Ford (1955-) was the first surgeon to perform a bloodless bone marrow transplant.==Principles of bloodless surgery==Several principles of bloodless surgery have been published.Goher et al., Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2005; 87: 3–14.Preoperative techniques such as erythropoietin (EPO) or iron administration are designed to stimulate the patient's own erythropoiesis.In surgery, control of bleeding is achieved with the use of laser or sonic scalpels, minimally invasive surgical techniques, electrosurgery and electrocautery, low central venous pressure anesthesia (for select cases), or suture ligation of vessels. Other methods include the use of blood substitutes, which at present do not carry oxygen but expand the volume of the blood to prevent shock. Blood substitutes which do carry oxygen, such as PolyHeme, are also under development. Many doctors view acute normovolemic hemodilution, a form of storage of a patient's own blood, as a pillar of "bloodless surgery" but the technique is not an option for patients who refuse autologous blood transfusions.Intraoperative blood salvage is a technique which recycles and cleans blood from a patient during an operation and redirects it into the patient's body.Postoperatively, surgeons seek to minimize further blood loss by continuing administration of medications to augment blood cell mass and minimizing the number of blood draws and the quantity of blood drawn for testing, for example, by using pediatric blood tubes for adult patients.HBOC's such as Polyheme and Hemepure have been discontinued due to severe adverse reactions including death. South Africa was the only country where they were legally authorized as standard treatment but they are no longer available.」の詳細全文を読む
'Bloodless surgery'' is a phrase that was popularized at the beginning of the 20th century by the practice of an internationally famous orthopedic surgeon, Adolf Lorenz, who was known as "the bloodless surgeon of Vienna".''The New York Times'' Oct 26, 1902 p 7''The New York Times'' Sep 10, 1906 p 1New York Times Dec 25, 1902 p 3New York Times Nov 22, 1926 p 3 This expression reflected Lorenz's methods for treating patients with noninvasive techniques. His medical practice was a consequence of his severe allergy to carbolic acid routinely used in operating rooms of the era. His condition forced him to become a "dry surgeon".Jackson et al., Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, January 2004; 17(1): 3–7.Contemporary usage of ''bloodless surgery'' refers to both invasive and noninvasive medical techniques and protocols. The phrase is somewhat confusing.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pgs. Preface, 11, 16. The expression does not mean "surgery that makes no use of blood or blood transfusion". Rather, it refers to surgery performed without transfusion of allogeneic blood.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 11, 14, 75.Dailey, John F, Dailey's Notes on Blood Fourth Edition, 2002 pg. 198. Champions of bloodless surgery do, however, transfuse products made from allogeneic blood and they also make use of pre-donated blood for autologous transfusion.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 144-5. The last twenty years have witnessed a surge of interest in bloodless surgery, for a variety of reasons. Jehovah's Witnesses reject blood transfusions on religious grounds; others may be concerned about bloodborne diseases, such as hepatitis and AIDS.During the early 1960s, American heart surgeon Denton Cooley successfully performed numerous bloodless open-heart surgeries on Jehovah's Witness patients. Fifteen years later, he and his associate published a reportOtt DA, Cooley DA. Cardiovascular surgery in Jehovah's Witnesses. Report of 542 operations without blood transfusion. JAMA. 1977;232:1256-1258. of more than 500 cardiac surgeries in this population, documenting that cardiac surgery could be safely performed without blood transfusion.Ronald Lapin (1941–1995) was an Israeli-born American surgeon, who became interested in bloodless surgery in the mid-1970s. He was known as a "bloodless surgeon" due to his willingness to perform surgeries on severely anemic Jehovah's Witness patients without the use of blood transfusions.Patricia A Ford (1955-) was the first surgeon to perform a bloodless bone marrow transplant.==Principles of bloodless surgery==Several principles of bloodless surgery have been published.Goher et al., Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2005; 87: 3–14.Preoperative techniques such as erythropoietin (EPO) or iron administration are designed to stimulate the patient's own erythropoiesis.In surgery, control of bleeding is achieved with the use of laser or sonic scalpels, minimally invasive surgical techniques, electrosurgery and electrocautery, low central venous pressure anesthesia (for select cases), or suture ligation of vessels. Other methods include the use of blood substitutes, which at present do not carry oxygen but expand the volume of the blood to prevent shock. Blood substitutes which do carry oxygen, such as PolyHeme, are also under development. Many doctors view acute normovolemic hemodilution, a form of storage of a patient's own blood, as a pillar of "bloodless surgery" but the technique is not an option for patients who refuse autologous blood transfusions.Intraoperative blood salvage is a technique which recycles and cleans blood from a patient during an operation and redirects it into the patient's body.Postoperatively, surgeons seek to minimize further blood loss by continuing administration of medications to augment blood cell mass and minimizing the number of blood draws and the quantity of blood drawn for testing, for example, by using pediatric blood tubes for adult patients.HBOC's such as Polyheme and Hemepure have been discontinued due to severe adverse reactions including death. South Africa was the only country where they were legally authorized as standard treatment but they are no longer available.">ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「'''''Bloodless surgery''''' is a phrase that was popularized at the beginning of the 20th century by the practice of an internationally famous orthopedic surgeon, Adolf Lorenz, who was known as "the bloodless surgeon of Vienna".''The New York Times'' Oct 26, 1902 p 7''The New York Times'' Sep 10, 1906 p 1New York Times Dec 25, 1902 p 3New York Times Nov 22, 1926 p 3 This expression reflected Lorenz's methods for treating patients with noninvasive techniques. His medical practice was a consequence of his severe allergy to carbolic acid routinely used in operating rooms of the era. His condition forced him to become a "dry surgeon".Jackson et al., Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, January 2004; 17(1): 3–7.Contemporary usage of ''bloodless surgery'' refers to both invasive and noninvasive medical techniques and protocols. The phrase is somewhat confusing.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pgs. Preface, 11, 16. The expression does not mean "surgery that makes no use of blood or blood transfusion". Rather, it refers to surgery performed without transfusion of allogeneic blood.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 11, 14, 75.Dailey, John F, Dailey's Notes on Blood Fourth Edition, 2002 pg. 198. Champions of bloodless surgery do, however, transfuse products made from allogeneic blood and they also make use of pre-donated blood for autologous transfusion.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 144-5. The last twenty years have witnessed a surge of interest in bloodless surgery, for a variety of reasons. Jehovah's Witnesses reject blood transfusions on religious grounds; others may be concerned about bloodborne diseases, such as hepatitis and AIDS.During the early 1960s, American heart surgeon Denton Cooley successfully performed numerous bloodless open-heart surgeries on Jehovah's Witness patients. Fifteen years later, he and his associate published a reportOtt DA, Cooley DA. Cardiovascular surgery in Jehovah's Witnesses. Report of 542 operations without blood transfusion. JAMA. 1977;232:1256-1258. of more than 500 cardiac surgeries in this population, documenting that cardiac surgery could be safely performed without blood transfusion.Ronald Lapin (1941–1995) was an Israeli-born American surgeon, who became interested in bloodless surgery in the mid-1970s. He was known as a "bloodless surgeon" due to his willingness to perform surgeries on severely anemic Jehovah's Witness patients without the use of blood transfusions.Patricia A Ford (1955-) was the first surgeon to perform a bloodless bone marrow transplant.==Principles of bloodless surgery==Several principles of bloodless surgery have been published.Goher et al., Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2005; 87: 3–14.Preoperative techniques such as erythropoietin (EPO) or iron administration are designed to stimulate the patient's own erythropoiesis.In surgery, control of bleeding is achieved with the use of laser or sonic scalpels, minimally invasive surgical techniques, electrosurgery and electrocautery, low central venous pressure anesthesia (for select cases), or suture ligation of vessels. Other methods include the use of blood substitutes, which at present do not carry oxygen but expand the volume of the blood to prevent shock. Blood substitutes which do carry oxygen, such as PolyHeme, are also under development. Many doctors view acute normovolemic hemodilution, a form of storage of a patient's own blood, as a pillar of "bloodless surgery" but the technique is not an option for patients who refuse autologous blood transfusions.Intraoperative blood salvage is a technique which recycles and cleans blood from a patient during an operation and redirects it into the patient's body.Postoperatively, surgeons seek to minimize further blood loss by continuing administration of medications to augment blood cell mass and minimizing the number of blood draws and the quantity of blood drawn for testing, for example, by using pediatric blood tubes for adult patients.HBOC's such as Polyheme and Hemepure have been discontinued due to severe adverse reactions including death. South Africa was the only country where they were legally authorized as standard treatment but they are no longer available.」の詳細全文を読む
' is a phrase that was popularized at the beginning of the 20th century by the practice of an internationally famous orthopedic surgeon, Adolf Lorenz, who was known as "the bloodless surgeon of Vienna".''The New York Times'' Oct 26, 1902 p 7''The New York Times'' Sep 10, 1906 p 1New York Times Dec 25, 1902 p 3New York Times Nov 22, 1926 p 3 This expression reflected Lorenz's methods for treating patients with noninvasive techniques. His medical practice was a consequence of his severe allergy to carbolic acid routinely used in operating rooms of the era. His condition forced him to become a "dry surgeon".Jackson et al., Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, January 2004; 17(1): 3–7.Contemporary usage of ''bloodless surgery'' refers to both invasive and noninvasive medical techniques and protocols. The phrase is somewhat confusing.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pgs. Preface, 11, 16. The expression does not mean "surgery that makes no use of blood or blood transfusion". Rather, it refers to surgery performed without transfusion of allogeneic blood.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 11, 14, 75.Dailey, John F, Dailey's Notes on Blood Fourth Edition, 2002 pg. 198. Champions of bloodless surgery do, however, transfuse products made from allogeneic blood and they also make use of pre-donated blood for autologous transfusion.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 144-5. The last twenty years have witnessed a surge of interest in bloodless surgery, for a variety of reasons. Jehovah's Witnesses reject blood transfusions on religious grounds; others may be concerned about bloodborne diseases, such as hepatitis and AIDS.During the early 1960s, American heart surgeon Denton Cooley successfully performed numerous bloodless open-heart surgeries on Jehovah's Witness patients. Fifteen years later, he and his associate published a reportOtt DA, Cooley DA. Cardiovascular surgery in Jehovah's Witnesses. Report of 542 operations without blood transfusion. JAMA. 1977;232:1256-1258. of more than 500 cardiac surgeries in this population, documenting that cardiac surgery could be safely performed without blood transfusion.Ronald Lapin (1941–1995) was an Israeli-born American surgeon, who became interested in bloodless surgery in the mid-1970s. He was known as a "bloodless surgeon" due to his willingness to perform surgeries on severely anemic Jehovah's Witness patients without the use of blood transfusions.Patricia A Ford (1955-) was the first surgeon to perform a bloodless bone marrow transplant.==Principles of bloodless surgery==Several principles of bloodless surgery have been published.Goher et al., Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2005; 87: 3–14.Preoperative techniques such as erythropoietin (EPO) or iron administration are designed to stimulate the patient's own erythropoiesis.In surgery, control of bleeding is achieved with the use of laser or sonic scalpels, minimally invasive surgical techniques, electrosurgery and electrocautery, low central venous pressure anesthesia (for select cases), or suture ligation of vessels. Other methods include the use of blood substitutes, which at present do not carry oxygen but expand the volume of the blood to prevent shock. Blood substitutes which do carry oxygen, such as PolyHeme, are also under development. Many doctors view acute normovolemic hemodilution, a form of storage of a patient's own blood, as a pillar of "bloodless surgery" but the technique is not an option for patients who refuse autologous blood transfusions.Intraoperative blood salvage is a technique which recycles and cleans blood from a patient during an operation and redirects it into the patient's body.Postoperatively, surgeons seek to minimize further blood loss by continuing administration of medications to augment blood cell mass and minimizing the number of blood draws and the quantity of blood drawn for testing, for example, by using pediatric blood tubes for adult patients.HBOC's such as Polyheme and Hemepure have been discontinued due to severe adverse reactions including death. South Africa was the only country where they were legally authorized as standard treatment but they are no longer available.">ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「'''''Bloodless surgery''''' is a phrase that was popularized at the beginning of the 20th century by the practice of an internationally famous orthopedic surgeon, Adolf Lorenz, who was known as "the bloodless surgeon of Vienna".''The New York Times'' Oct 26, 1902 p 7''The New York Times'' Sep 10, 1906 p 1New York Times Dec 25, 1902 p 3New York Times Nov 22, 1926 p 3 This expression reflected Lorenz's methods for treating patients with noninvasive techniques. His medical practice was a consequence of his severe allergy to carbolic acid routinely used in operating rooms of the era. His condition forced him to become a "dry surgeon".Jackson et al., Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, January 2004; 17(1): 3–7.Contemporary usage of ''bloodless surgery'' refers to both invasive and noninvasive medical techniques and protocols. The phrase is somewhat confusing.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pgs. Preface, 11, 16. The expression does not mean "surgery that makes no use of blood or blood transfusion". Rather, it refers to surgery performed without transfusion of allogeneic blood.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 11, 14, 75.Dailey, John F, Dailey's Notes on Blood Fourth Edition, 2002 pg. 198. Champions of bloodless surgery do, however, transfuse products made from allogeneic blood and they also make use of pre-donated blood for autologous transfusion.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 144-5. The last twenty years have witnessed a surge of interest in bloodless surgery, for a variety of reasons. Jehovah's Witnesses reject blood transfusions on religious grounds; others may be concerned about bloodborne diseases, such as hepatitis and AIDS.During the early 1960s, American heart surgeon Denton Cooley successfully performed numerous bloodless open-heart surgeries on Jehovah's Witness patients. Fifteen years later, he and his associate published a reportOtt DA, Cooley DA. Cardiovascular surgery in Jehovah's Witnesses. Report of 542 operations without blood transfusion. JAMA. 1977;232:1256-1258. of more than 500 cardiac surgeries in this population, documenting that cardiac surgery could be safely performed without blood transfusion.Ronald Lapin (1941–1995) was an Israeli-born American surgeon, who became interested in bloodless surgery in the mid-1970s. He was known as a "bloodless surgeon" due to his willingness to perform surgeries on severely anemic Jehovah's Witness patients without the use of blood transfusions.Patricia A Ford (1955-) was the first surgeon to perform a bloodless bone marrow transplant.==Principles of bloodless surgery==Several principles of bloodless surgery have been published.Goher et al., Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2005; 87: 3–14.Preoperative techniques such as erythropoietin (EPO) or iron administration are designed to stimulate the patient's own erythropoiesis.In surgery, control of bleeding is achieved with the use of laser or sonic scalpels, minimally invasive surgical techniques, electrosurgery and electrocautery, low central venous pressure anesthesia (for select cases), or suture ligation of vessels. Other methods include the use of blood substitutes, which at present do not carry oxygen but expand the volume of the blood to prevent shock. Blood substitutes which do carry oxygen, such as PolyHeme, are also under development. Many doctors view acute normovolemic hemodilution, a form of storage of a patient's own blood, as a pillar of "bloodless surgery" but the technique is not an option for patients who refuse autologous blood transfusions.Intraoperative blood salvage is a technique which recycles and cleans blood from a patient during an operation and redirects it into the patient's body.Postoperatively, surgeons seek to minimize further blood loss by continuing administration of medications to augment blood cell mass and minimizing the number of blood draws and the quantity of blood drawn for testing, for example, by using pediatric blood tubes for adult patients.HBOC's such as Polyheme and Hemepure have been discontinued due to severe adverse reactions including death. South Africa was the only country where they were legally authorized as standard treatment but they are no longer available.」の詳細全文を読む
'Bloodless surgery'' is a phrase that was popularized at the beginning of the 20th century by the practice of an internationally famous orthopedic surgeon, Adolf Lorenz, who was known as "the bloodless surgeon of Vienna".''The New York Times'' Oct 26, 1902 p 7''The New York Times'' Sep 10, 1906 p 1New York Times Dec 25, 1902 p 3New York Times Nov 22, 1926 p 3 This expression reflected Lorenz's methods for treating patients with noninvasive techniques. His medical practice was a consequence of his severe allergy to carbolic acid routinely used in operating rooms of the era. His condition forced him to become a "dry surgeon".Jackson et al., Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, January 2004; 17(1): 3–7.Contemporary usage of ''bloodless surgery'' refers to both invasive and noninvasive medical techniques and protocols. The phrase is somewhat confusing.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pgs. Preface, 11, 16. The expression does not mean "surgery that makes no use of blood or blood transfusion". Rather, it refers to surgery performed without transfusion of allogeneic blood.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 11, 14, 75.Dailey, John F, Dailey's Notes on Blood Fourth Edition, 2002 pg. 198. Champions of bloodless surgery do, however, transfuse products made from allogeneic blood and they also make use of pre-donated blood for autologous transfusion.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 144-5. The last twenty years have witnessed a surge of interest in bloodless surgery, for a variety of reasons. Jehovah's Witnesses reject blood transfusions on religious grounds; others may be concerned about bloodborne diseases, such as hepatitis and AIDS.During the early 1960s, American heart surgeon Denton Cooley successfully performed numerous bloodless open-heart surgeries on Jehovah's Witness patients. Fifteen years later, he and his associate published a reportOtt DA, Cooley DA. Cardiovascular surgery in Jehovah's Witnesses. Report of 542 operations without blood transfusion. JAMA. 1977;232:1256-1258. of more than 500 cardiac surgeries in this population, documenting that cardiac surgery could be safely performed without blood transfusion.Ronald Lapin (1941–1995) was an Israeli-born American surgeon, who became interested in bloodless surgery in the mid-1970s. He was known as a "bloodless surgeon" due to his willingness to perform surgeries on severely anemic Jehovah's Witness patients without the use of blood transfusions.Patricia A Ford (1955-) was the first surgeon to perform a bloodless bone marrow transplant.==Principles of bloodless surgery==Several principles of bloodless surgery have been published.Goher et al., Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2005; 87: 3–14.Preoperative techniques such as erythropoietin (EPO) or iron administration are designed to stimulate the patient's own erythropoiesis.In surgery, control of bleeding is achieved with the use of laser or sonic scalpels, minimally invasive surgical techniques, electrosurgery and electrocautery, low central venous pressure anesthesia (for select cases), or suture ligation of vessels. Other methods include the use of blood substitutes, which at present do not carry oxygen but expand the volume of the blood to prevent shock. Blood substitutes which do carry oxygen, such as PolyHeme, are also under development. Many doctors view acute normovolemic hemodilution, a form of storage of a patient's own blood, as a pillar of "bloodless surgery" but the technique is not an option for patients who refuse autologous blood transfusions.Intraoperative blood salvage is a technique which recycles and cleans blood from a patient during an operation and redirects it into the patient's body.Postoperatively, surgeons seek to minimize further blood loss by continuing administration of medications to augment blood cell mass and minimizing the number of blood draws and the quantity of blood drawn for testing, for example, by using pediatric blood tubes for adult patients.HBOC's such as Polyheme and Hemepure have been discontinued due to severe adverse reactions including death. South Africa was the only country where they were legally authorized as standard treatment but they are no longer available.">ウィキペディアで「'''''Bloodless surgery''''' is a phrase that was popularized at the beginning of the 20th century by the practice of an internationally famous orthopedic surgeon, Adolf Lorenz, who was known as "the bloodless surgeon of Vienna".''The New York Times'' Oct 26, 1902 p 7''The New York Times'' Sep 10, 1906 p 1New York Times Dec 25, 1902 p 3New York Times Nov 22, 1926 p 3 This expression reflected Lorenz's methods for treating patients with noninvasive techniques. His medical practice was a consequence of his severe allergy to carbolic acid routinely used in operating rooms of the era. His condition forced him to become a "dry surgeon".Jackson et al., Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, January 2004; 17(1): 3–7.Contemporary usage of ''bloodless surgery'' refers to both invasive and noninvasive medical techniques and protocols. The phrase is somewhat confusing.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pgs. Preface, 11, 16. The expression does not mean "surgery that makes no use of blood or blood transfusion". Rather, it refers to surgery performed without transfusion of allogeneic blood.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 11, 14, 75.Dailey, John F, Dailey's Notes on Blood Fourth Edition, 2002 pg. 198. Champions of bloodless surgery do, however, transfuse products made from allogeneic blood and they also make use of pre-donated blood for autologous transfusion.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 144-5. The last twenty years have witnessed a surge of interest in bloodless surgery, for a variety of reasons. Jehovah's Witnesses reject blood transfusions on religious grounds; others may be concerned about bloodborne diseases, such as hepatitis and AIDS.During the early 1960s, American heart surgeon Denton Cooley successfully performed numerous bloodless open-heart surgeries on Jehovah's Witness patients. Fifteen years later, he and his associate published a reportOtt DA, Cooley DA. Cardiovascular surgery in Jehovah's Witnesses. Report of 542 operations without blood transfusion. JAMA. 1977;232:1256-1258. of more than 500 cardiac surgeries in this population, documenting that cardiac surgery could be safely performed without blood transfusion.Ronald Lapin (1941–1995) was an Israeli-born American surgeon, who became interested in bloodless surgery in the mid-1970s. He was known as a "bloodless surgeon" due to his willingness to perform surgeries on severely anemic Jehovah's Witness patients without the use of blood transfusions.Patricia A Ford (1955-) was the first surgeon to perform a bloodless bone marrow transplant.==Principles of bloodless surgery==Several principles of bloodless surgery have been published.Goher et al., Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2005; 87: 3–14.Preoperative techniques such as erythropoietin (EPO) or iron administration are designed to stimulate the patient's own erythropoiesis.In surgery, control of bleeding is achieved with the use of laser or sonic scalpels, minimally invasive surgical techniques, electrosurgery and electrocautery, low central venous pressure anesthesia (for select cases), or suture ligation of vessels. Other methods include the use of blood substitutes, which at present do not carry oxygen but expand the volume of the blood to prevent shock. Blood substitutes which do carry oxygen, such as PolyHeme, are also under development. Many doctors view acute normovolemic hemodilution, a form of storage of a patient's own blood, as a pillar of "bloodless surgery" but the technique is not an option for patients who refuse autologous blood transfusions.Intraoperative blood salvage is a technique which recycles and cleans blood from a patient during an operation and redirects it into the patient's body.Postoperatively, surgeons seek to minimize further blood loss by continuing administration of medications to augment blood cell mass and minimizing the number of blood draws and the quantity of blood drawn for testing, for example, by using pediatric blood tubes for adult patients.HBOC's such as Polyheme and Hemepure have been discontinued due to severe adverse reactions including death. South Africa was the only country where they were legally authorized as standard treatment but they are no longer available.」の詳細全文を読む
' is a phrase that was popularized at the beginning of the 20th century by the practice of an internationally famous orthopedic surgeon, Adolf Lorenz, who was known as "the bloodless surgeon of Vienna".''The New York Times'' Oct 26, 1902 p 7''The New York Times'' Sep 10, 1906 p 1New York Times Dec 25, 1902 p 3New York Times Nov 22, 1926 p 3 This expression reflected Lorenz's methods for treating patients with noninvasive techniques. His medical practice was a consequence of his severe allergy to carbolic acid routinely used in operating rooms of the era. His condition forced him to become a "dry surgeon".Jackson et al., Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, January 2004; 17(1): 3–7.Contemporary usage of ''bloodless surgery'' refers to both invasive and noninvasive medical techniques and protocols. The phrase is somewhat confusing.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pgs. Preface, 11, 16. The expression does not mean "surgery that makes no use of blood or blood transfusion". Rather, it refers to surgery performed without transfusion of allogeneic blood.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 11, 14, 75.Dailey, John F, Dailey's Notes on Blood Fourth Edition, 2002 pg. 198. Champions of bloodless surgery do, however, transfuse products made from allogeneic blood and they also make use of pre-donated blood for autologous transfusion.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 144-5. The last twenty years have witnessed a surge of interest in bloodless surgery, for a variety of reasons. Jehovah's Witnesses reject blood transfusions on religious grounds; others may be concerned about bloodborne diseases, such as hepatitis and AIDS.During the early 1960s, American heart surgeon Denton Cooley successfully performed numerous bloodless open-heart surgeries on Jehovah's Witness patients. Fifteen years later, he and his associate published a reportOtt DA, Cooley DA. Cardiovascular surgery in Jehovah's Witnesses. Report of 542 operations without blood transfusion. JAMA. 1977;232:1256-1258. of more than 500 cardiac surgeries in this population, documenting that cardiac surgery could be safely performed without blood transfusion.Ronald Lapin (1941–1995) was an Israeli-born American surgeon, who became interested in bloodless surgery in the mid-1970s. He was known as a "bloodless surgeon" due to his willingness to perform surgeries on severely anemic Jehovah's Witness patients without the use of blood transfusions.Patricia A Ford (1955-) was the first surgeon to perform a bloodless bone marrow transplant.==Principles of bloodless surgery==Several principles of bloodless surgery have been published.Goher et al., Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2005; 87: 3–14.Preoperative techniques such as erythropoietin (EPO) or iron administration are designed to stimulate the patient's own erythropoiesis.In surgery, control of bleeding is achieved with the use of laser or sonic scalpels, minimally invasive surgical techniques, electrosurgery and electrocautery, low central venous pressure anesthesia (for select cases), or suture ligation of vessels. Other methods include the use of blood substitutes, which at present do not carry oxygen but expand the volume of the blood to prevent shock. Blood substitutes which do carry oxygen, such as PolyHeme, are also under development. Many doctors view acute normovolemic hemodilution, a form of storage of a patient's own blood, as a pillar of "bloodless surgery" but the technique is not an option for patients who refuse autologous blood transfusions.Intraoperative blood salvage is a technique which recycles and cleans blood from a patient during an operation and redirects it into the patient's body.Postoperatively, surgeons seek to minimize further blood loss by continuing administration of medications to augment blood cell mass and minimizing the number of blood draws and the quantity of blood drawn for testing, for example, by using pediatric blood tubes for adult patients.HBOC's such as Polyheme and Hemepure have been discontinued due to severe adverse reactions including death. South Africa was the only country where they were legally authorized as standard treatment but they are no longer available.">ウィキペディアで「''Bloodless surgery''''' is a phrase that was popularized at the beginning of the 20th century by the practice of an internationally famous orthopedic surgeon, Adolf Lorenz, who was known as "the bloodless surgeon of Vienna".''The New York Times'' Oct 26, 1902 p 7''The New York Times'' Sep 10, 1906 p 1New York Times Dec 25, 1902 p 3New York Times Nov 22, 1926 p 3 This expression reflected Lorenz's methods for treating patients with noninvasive techniques. His medical practice was a consequence of his severe allergy to carbolic acid routinely used in operating rooms of the era. His condition forced him to become a "dry surgeon".Jackson et al., Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, January 2004; 17(1): 3–7.Contemporary usage of ''bloodless surgery'' refers to both invasive and noninvasive medical techniques and protocols. The phrase is somewhat confusing.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pgs. Preface, 11, 16. The expression does not mean "surgery that makes no use of blood or blood transfusion". Rather, it refers to surgery performed without transfusion of allogeneic blood.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 11, 14, 75.Dailey, John F, Dailey's Notes on Blood Fourth Edition, 2002 pg. 198. Champions of bloodless surgery do, however, transfuse products made from allogeneic blood and they also make use of pre-donated blood for autologous transfusion.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 144-5. The last twenty years have witnessed a surge of interest in bloodless surgery, for a variety of reasons. Jehovah's Witnesses reject blood transfusions on religious grounds; others may be concerned about bloodborne diseases, such as hepatitis and AIDS.During the early 1960s, American heart surgeon Denton Cooley successfully performed numerous bloodless open-heart surgeries on Jehovah's Witness patients. Fifteen years later, he and his associate published a reportOtt DA, Cooley DA. Cardiovascular surgery in Jehovah's Witnesses. Report of 542 operations without blood transfusion. JAMA. 1977;232:1256-1258. of more than 500 cardiac surgeries in this population, documenting that cardiac surgery could be safely performed without blood transfusion.Ronald Lapin (1941–1995) was an Israeli-born American surgeon, who became interested in bloodless surgery in the mid-1970s. He was known as a "bloodless surgeon" due to his willingness to perform surgeries on severely anemic Jehovah's Witness patients without the use of blood transfusions.Patricia A Ford (1955-) was the first surgeon to perform a bloodless bone marrow transplant.==Principles of bloodless surgery==Several principles of bloodless surgery have been published.Goher et al., Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2005; 87: 3–14.Preoperative techniques such as erythropoietin (EPO) or iron administration are designed to stimulate the patient's own erythropoiesis.In surgery, control of bleeding is achieved with the use of laser or sonic scalpels, minimally invasive surgical techniques, electrosurgery and electrocautery, low central venous pressure anesthesia (for select cases), or suture ligation of vessels. Other methods include the use of blood substitutes, which at present do not carry oxygen but expand the volume of the blood to prevent shock. Blood substitutes which do carry oxygen, such as PolyHeme, are also under development. Many doctors view acute normovolemic hemodilution, a form of storage of a patient's own blood, as a pillar of "bloodless surgery" but the technique is not an option for patients who refuse autologous blood transfusions.Intraoperative blood salvage is a technique which recycles and cleans blood from a patient during an operation and redirects it into the patient's body.Postoperatively, surgeons seek to minimize further blood loss by continuing administration of medications to augment blood cell mass and minimizing the number of blood draws and the quantity of blood drawn for testing, for example, by using pediatric blood tubes for adult patients.HBOC's such as Polyheme and Hemepure have been discontinued due to severe adverse reactions including death. South Africa was the only country where they were legally authorized as standard treatment but they are no longer available.」の詳細全文を読む
'Bloodless surgery'' is a phrase that was popularized at the beginning of the 20th century by the practice of an internationally famous orthopedic surgeon, Adolf Lorenz, who was known as "the bloodless surgeon of Vienna".''The New York Times'' Oct 26, 1902 p 7''The New York Times'' Sep 10, 1906 p 1New York Times Dec 25, 1902 p 3New York Times Nov 22, 1926 p 3 This expression reflected Lorenz's methods for treating patients with noninvasive techniques. His medical practice was a consequence of his severe allergy to carbolic acid routinely used in operating rooms of the era. His condition forced him to become a "dry surgeon".Jackson et al., Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, January 2004; 17(1): 3–7.Contemporary usage of ''bloodless surgery'' refers to both invasive and noninvasive medical techniques and protocols. The phrase is somewhat confusing.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pgs. Preface, 11, 16. The expression does not mean "surgery that makes no use of blood or blood transfusion". Rather, it refers to surgery performed without transfusion of allogeneic blood.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 11, 14, 75.Dailey, John F, Dailey's Notes on Blood Fourth Edition, 2002 pg. 198. Champions of bloodless surgery do, however, transfuse products made from allogeneic blood and they also make use of pre-donated blood for autologous transfusion.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 144-5. The last twenty years have witnessed a surge of interest in bloodless surgery, for a variety of reasons. Jehovah's Witnesses reject blood transfusions on religious grounds; others may be concerned about bloodborne diseases, such as hepatitis and AIDS.During the early 1960s, American heart surgeon Denton Cooley successfully performed numerous bloodless open-heart surgeries on Jehovah's Witness patients. Fifteen years later, he and his associate published a reportOtt DA, Cooley DA. Cardiovascular surgery in Jehovah's Witnesses. Report of 542 operations without blood transfusion. JAMA. 1977;232:1256-1258. of more than 500 cardiac surgeries in this population, documenting that cardiac surgery could be safely performed without blood transfusion.Ronald Lapin (1941–1995) was an Israeli-born American surgeon, who became interested in bloodless surgery in the mid-1970s. He was known as a "bloodless surgeon" due to his willingness to perform surgeries on severely anemic Jehovah's Witness patients without the use of blood transfusions.Patricia A Ford (1955-) was the first surgeon to perform a bloodless bone marrow transplant.==Principles of bloodless surgery==Several principles of bloodless surgery have been published.Goher et al., Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2005; 87: 3–14.Preoperative techniques such as erythropoietin (EPO) or iron administration are designed to stimulate the patient's own erythropoiesis.In surgery, control of bleeding is achieved with the use of laser or sonic scalpels, minimally invasive surgical techniques, electrosurgery and electrocautery, low central venous pressure anesthesia (for select cases), or suture ligation of vessels. Other methods include the use of blood substitutes, which at present do not carry oxygen but expand the volume of the blood to prevent shock. Blood substitutes which do carry oxygen, such as PolyHeme, are also under development. Many doctors view acute normovolemic hemodilution, a form of storage of a patient's own blood, as a pillar of "bloodless surgery" but the technique is not an option for patients who refuse autologous blood transfusions.Intraoperative blood salvage is a technique which recycles and cleans blood from a patient during an operation and redirects it into the patient's body.Postoperatively, surgeons seek to minimize further blood loss by continuing administration of medications to augment blood cell mass and minimizing the number of blood draws and the quantity of blood drawn for testing, for example, by using pediatric blood tubes for adult patients.HBOC's such as Polyheme and Hemepure have been discontinued due to severe adverse reactions including death. South Africa was the only country where they were legally authorized as standard treatment but they are no longer available.」の詳細全文を読む
' is a phrase that was popularized at the beginning of the 20th century by the practice of an internationally famous orthopedic surgeon, Adolf Lorenz, who was known as "the bloodless surgeon of Vienna".''The New York Times'' Oct 26, 1902 p 7''The New York Times'' Sep 10, 1906 p 1New York Times Dec 25, 1902 p 3New York Times Nov 22, 1926 p 3 This expression reflected Lorenz's methods for treating patients with noninvasive techniques. His medical practice was a consequence of his severe allergy to carbolic acid routinely used in operating rooms of the era. His condition forced him to become a "dry surgeon".Jackson et al., Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, January 2004; 17(1): 3–7.Contemporary usage of ''bloodless surgery'' refers to both invasive and noninvasive medical techniques and protocols. The phrase is somewhat confusing.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pgs. Preface, 11, 16. The expression does not mean "surgery that makes no use of blood or blood transfusion". Rather, it refers to surgery performed without transfusion of allogeneic blood.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 11, 14, 75.Dailey, John F, Dailey's Notes on Blood Fourth Edition, 2002 pg. 198. Champions of bloodless surgery do, however, transfuse products made from allogeneic blood and they also make use of pre-donated blood for autologous transfusion.Farmer S, Webb D, Your Body Your Choice The layman's complete guide to bloodless medicine and surgery, 2000 pg. 144-5. The last twenty years have witnessed a surge of interest in bloodless surgery, for a variety of reasons. Jehovah's Witnesses reject blood transfusions on religious grounds; others may be concerned about bloodborne diseases, such as hepatitis and AIDS.During the early 1960s, American heart surgeon Denton Cooley successfully performed numerous bloodless open-heart surgeries on Jehovah's Witness patients. Fifteen years later, he and his associate published a reportOtt DA, Cooley DA. Cardiovascular surgery in Jehovah's Witnesses. Report of 542 operations without blood transfusion. JAMA. 1977;232:1256-1258. of more than 500 cardiac surgeries in this population, documenting that cardiac surgery could be safely performed without blood transfusion.Ronald Lapin (1941–1995) was an Israeli-born American surgeon, who became interested in bloodless surgery in the mid-1970s. He was known as a "bloodless surgeon" due to his willingness to perform surgeries on severely anemic Jehovah's Witness patients without the use of blood transfusions.Patricia A Ford (1955-) was the first surgeon to perform a bloodless bone marrow transplant.==Principles of bloodless surgery==Several principles of bloodless surgery have been published.Goher et al., Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2005; 87: 3–14.Preoperative techniques such as erythropoietin (EPO) or iron administration are designed to stimulate the patient's own erythropoiesis.In surgery, control of bleeding is achieved with the use of laser or sonic scalpels, minimally invasive surgical techniques, electrosurgery and electrocautery, low central venous pressure anesthesia (for select cases), or suture ligation of vessels. Other methods include the use of blood substitutes, which at present do not carry oxygen but expand the volume of the blood to prevent shock. Blood substitutes which do carry oxygen, such as PolyHeme, are also under development. Many doctors view acute normovolemic hemodilution, a form of storage of a patient's own blood, as a pillar of "bloodless surgery" but the technique is not an option for patients who refuse autologous blood transfusions.Intraoperative blood salvage is a technique which recycles and cleans blood from a patient during an operation and redirects it into the patient's body.Postoperatively, surgeons seek to minimize further blood loss by continuing administration of medications to augment blood cell mass and minimizing the number of blood draws and the quantity of blood drawn for testing, for example, by using pediatric blood tubes for adult patients.HBOC's such as Polyheme and Hemepure have been discontinued due to severe adverse reactions including death. South Africa was the only country where they were legally authorized as standard treatment but they are no longer available.」の詳細全文を読む
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